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生質柴油崛起 然經濟與環境效應仍待評估
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8-22-2006 2:41 AM
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生質柴油
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<div style="margin: 12px 0px; font-family: arial; color: #333333; background: #ffffff; border: solid 4px #e5e5e5; width: 100%; clear: left;"><div class="CM_CTB_Content_Wrap" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content.clipmarks.com/blog_embed/ee5e3d51-1ded-4021-952e-fcd43faa34f3/72220421-010D-441A-949E-4E5C33932231/" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk" href="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk" style="font-size: 11px;">mail.google.com</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><SPAN><A name="10d34969933d1792_today"></A>本日焦點: 生質柴油崛起 然經濟與環境效應仍待評估<A href="%2310d34969933d1792_0"><FONT color="%23333333">--﹥</FONT></A></SPAN></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P> 為因應國際間不斷飛漲的原油價格,加上抑制溫室效應的考量<WBR></WBR>,世界第三大石油消費國的日本將在今年頒布一項全國性的生質柴油新<WBR></WBR>標準,允許在傳統柴油中加入5%脂肪酸衍生物(fatty acid-derived),以推廣使用黃豆、糖等再生資源製成的<WBR></WBR>綠色燃料。</P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P> 據路透社報導,日本貿易省自然資源與能源部一名官員表示:<WBR></WBR>「這項法令預期在今年底之前通過,同時在2007年3月之前生效<WBR></WBR>。」日本將不像其他國家一樣強制規定零售商或煉油商將生質柴油混合<WBR></WBR>入引擎用油的最低量,但是政府未來可能考慮以減稅的方式來鼓勵消費<WBR></WBR>者使用生物柴油。同時政府也將提供財政支援以協助願意發展乙醇混合<WBR></WBR>技術的公司。</P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P> 因美國總統布希將生質柴油作為其能源政策的主要目標<WBR></WBR>,加上目前原油每桶高達70美元,讓日本決心跟上這波生質柴油的風<WBR></WBR>潮。日本計劃在2010年以前將314萬桶運輸用燃料油替換為生質<WBR></WBR>酒精,然而這個數字僅佔日本原油總需求量的0.2%<WBR></WBR>,而且日本政府也沒有宣布將如何實行。目前日本最大煉油商日本石油<WBR></WBR>有限公司和豐田汽車已合作發展商業用生質燃料,不過尚未產生任何立<WBR></WBR>即的效果。</P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P>不過,也有環保人士指出,生質燃料雖然屬於再生能源<WBR></WBR>,然而對環境而言恐怕並不像表面上看來友善。</P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P> 環保團體「地球之友」指出,生質燃料工業的擴張可能造成森林濫伐<WBR></WBR>、開墾為大規模的農園,以提供所需的農作物而犧牲了雨林<WBR></WBR>。在一項2005年9月的報告中,地球之友表示棕櫚油種植場必須為<WBR></WBR>馬來西亞87%的森林濫伐負責。</P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P>英國政壇異議份子蒙拜特(George Monbiot)也對生質柴油有些疑慮,他在個人網站上寫道:<WBR></WBR>「若就地方和全球尺度的環境衝擊來評估,棕櫚生質柴油甚至比石油更<WBR></WBR>具破壞性。」</P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><P>能源分析家則懷疑生質柴油產品是否真能降低對傳統燃料的依賴性<WBR></WBR>。美國能源諮詢業者Purvin & Gertz的能源分析師舒恩(Victor Shum)表示:「燃料市場如此龐大,因而生質柴油並無法造成明顯<WBR></WBR>的改變,在亞洲的整體燃料使用上只能造成細微的影響<WBR></WBR>。不過隨著近來原油價格飛漲,生質柴油在價格上的確越來越合算。」 </P></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://mail.google.com/mail/?view=page&name=gp&ver=sh3fib53pgpk"><DIV> <P>參考資料: </p> <P> <A target="_blank" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/37719/story.htm%20"> 路透社報導</A> <A target="_blank" href="http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/37729/story.htm%20"> 路透社報導</A></P></DIV></blockquote></div><div style="margin: 0px 6px 6px 4px;"><table style="font-size: 11px;border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;"> </td><td align="right" style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;width:107px" width="107"><a href="http://clipmarks.com/share/72220421-010D-441A-949E-4E5C33932231/blog/" title="blog or email this clip"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/images/c2b-foot.png" border="0" alt="blog it" width="107" height="17" style="border-width:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;" /></a></td></tr></table></div></div>
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