The evolution of cooperation


	The evolution of cooperation

cooperation

4-19-2008 6:39 AM

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tags:

cooperation, axelrod

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4-19-2008 12:49 PM

masbury

A very useful book! Would provoke a revolution in foreign policy if used there.

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<div style="margin: 12px 0px; font-family: arial; color: #333333; background: #ffffff; border: solid 4px #e5e5e5; width: 100%; clear: left;"><div class="CM_CTB_Content_Wrap" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content.clipmarks.com/blog_embed/a9f42275-84fe-4dea-ae97-b610f4ec58a2/5243C2F8-5155-4ADE-9DE8-4BEF2D0F74E0/" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Evolution_of_Cooperation&oldid=200504361" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Evolution_of_Cooperation&oldid=200504361" style="font-size: 11px;">en.wikipedia.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Evolution_of_Cooperation&oldid=200504361"><H1 class="firstHeading">The Evolution of Cooperation</H1></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Evolution_of_Cooperation&oldid=200504361"><H3 id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</H3></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Evolution_of_Cooperation&oldid=200504361"><P><I><B>The Evolution of Cooperation</B></I> the title of a 1981 article and a related 1984 book by <A title="Political science" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_science">political science</A> professor <A title="Robert Axelrod" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Axelrod">Robert Axelrod</A>. The nine-page article, co-written with the late evolutionary biologist <A title="William D. Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_D._Hamilton">William D. Hamilton</A>, has garnered over 8000 citations <A rel="nofollow" title="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=link:http:%2F%2Fwww.sciencemag.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F211%2F4489%2F1390" class="external autonumber" href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=link:http:%2F%2Fwww.sciencemag.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F211%2F4489%2F1390">[1]</A>.</p> <P>The article and book explore the conditions under which fundamentally selfish agents will spontaneously cooperate. To perform this study, Axelrod developed a variation of <A title="Prisoner's dilemma" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner%27s_dilemma">prisoner's dilemma</A> (PD), involving repeated PD interactions between two <I>players</I> (i.e., strategies written as computer programs) in a computerised tournament. This <I>iterated prisoner's dilemma</I> (IPD) format, he found, tends to offer a long-term incentive for cooperation, even though there is a short-term incentive for defection (the opposite of cooperation).</P></blockquote></div><div style="margin: 0px 6px 6px 4px;"><table style="font-size: 11px;border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;">&nbsp;</td><td align="right" style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;width:107px" width="107"><a href="http://clipmarks.com/share/5243C2F8-5155-4ADE-9DE8-4BEF2D0F74E0/blog/" title="blog or email this clip"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/images/c2b-foot.png" border="0" alt="blog it" width="107" height="17" style="border-width:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;" /></a></td></tr></table></div></div>

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