MacTutor on Mathematics


	MacTutor on Mathematics
Lubaska
5-3-2008 3:08 PM
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mathematics, mathematicians, history, timeline, curves, biography, awards
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<div style="margin: 12px 0px; font-family: arial; color: #333333; background: #ffffff; border: solid 4px #e5e5e5; width: 100%; clear: left;"><div class="CM_CTB_Content_Wrap" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content.clipmarks.com/blog_embed/da32083c-5666-46e5-993a-4a81ebfb8a52/1B00B090-2608-4330-BCC3-539D68AA08F9/" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/index.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/index.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/index.html"><FONT color="blue">The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive</FONT></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/index.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/20697F3A-61A4-44C5-A4EF-9B8A2DA05E13" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Posters/511.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Posters/511.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Posters/511.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/FA30AD2E-5E9B-48FD-991C-22731DBD2F7C" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Posters/511.html"><FONT size="7" face="palatino">Richard Feynman
</FONT></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Posters/511.html"><P><FONT size="6" face="palatino"><FONT size="5" face="palatino">
<B>Richard Feynman</B> was a Nobel prize winner famous for his unusual life style and for his popular books and lectures on mathematics and physics.
</FONT></FONT></P></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/HistoryTopics.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/HistoryTopics.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/HistoryTopics.html"><FONT color="blue">History Topics Index</FONT></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/HistoryTopics.html"><table background="undefined" bgcolor=""><tr><TD align="center"><H2><FONT color="red">Mathematics in various cultures</FONT></H2>
<P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Babylonians.html" linkindex="0">Ancient Babylonian mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Egyptians.html" linkindex="1">Ancient Egyptian mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Greeks.html" linkindex="2">Ancient Greek mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Indians.html" linkindex="3">Indian mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Arabs.html" linkindex="4">Arabic mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/HistTopics/Mayan_mathematics.html" linkindex="5">Mayan mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Americans.html" linkindex="6">American mathematics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Scots.html" linkindex="7">Mathematics in Scotland</A></P><P>
</P></TD></tr></table></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/HistoryTopics.html"><table background="undefined" bgcolor=""><tr><TD align="center"><H2><FONT color="red">Mathematical topics</FONT></H2> 
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/HistTopics/History_overview.html" linkindex="8">Overview of the history of mathematics</A><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Algebra.html" linkindex="9">Algebra</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Analysis.html" linkindex="10">Analysis</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Number_Theory.html" linkindex="11">Numbers and number theory</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Geometry_Topology.html" linkindex="12">Geometry and topology</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Math_Physics.html" linkindex="13">Mathematical physics</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Indexes/Astronomy.html" linkindex="14">Mathematical astronomy</A></P><P>
<A href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Education/index.html" linkindex="15">Mathematical education</A></P><P>
</P></TD></tr></table></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/MapIndex.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/MapIndex.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/MapIndex.html"><H1>Birthplace Maps Index</H1></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/20020220054539/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/USAmap.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20020220054539/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/USAmap.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/20020220054539/www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/USAmap.html"><AREA target="main" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20020220054539/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/BirthplaceMaps/USA.html" coords="0, 0, 540,480" shape="rect"></AREA></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html"><H1>Sir Isaac Newton</H1></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/7298E7E9-A9EE-4968-9132-CE0107C126A3" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html"><B>Cross-references to History Topics</B></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html"><B>Honours awarded to Isaac Newton</B></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Newton.html"><B>Other Web sites</B></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Curves.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Curves.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Curves.html"><FONT color="red">Famous Curves Index</FONT></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Devils.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Devils.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Devils.html"><FONT color="red">Devil's Curve</FONT></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Devils.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/02471F41-7C24-4194-A59A-2E2BCC1B7A2F" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Devils.html"><P>
<B><FONT color="green">Cartesian equation: </FONT></B> 
<I>y</I><SUP>4</SUP> - <I>x</I><SUP>4</SUP> + <I>a</I> <I>y</I><SUP>2</SUP> + <I>b</I> <I>x</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 0
</P></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lituus.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lituus.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lituus.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/319FBCC7-131F-43A7-B855-2629D4A2C29D" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lituus.html"><P>
<B><FONT color="green">Polar equation: </FONT></B> 
<I>r</I><SUP>2</SUP> = <I>a</I><SUP>2</SUP>/<IMG alt="theta" src="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Symbolgifs/theta.gif" />
</P></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Cycloid.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Cycloid.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Cycloid.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/AB316252-BDE3-447A-914A-7D2D2E656787" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Double.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Double.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Double.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/94338087-2455-4358-B6C0-EE24198A86D6" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Fermats.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Fermats.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Fermats.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/39A3CA73-790E-4A9E-8B3D-5E9964E6AE3C" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Newtons.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Newtons.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Newtons.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/EAE204B2-0EE3-4489-8492-0FF490188784" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lame.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lame.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Lame.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/3F8E6B01-6C59-4A16-8FA0-6A6F749817C2" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Sinusoidal.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Sinusoidal.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Curves/Sinusoidal.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/F1373D8C-8FBA-4160-8821-15C5331A7DDB" alt="" /></div></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content8.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Societies/index.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Societies/index.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Societies/index.html"><H1> Mathematical Societies, Medals, Prizes and other honours</H1></blockquote><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content9.clipmarks.com/images/clip-icon.gif" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Chronology/Chronology6.html" href="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Chronology/Chronology6.html" style="font-size: 11px;">web.archive.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Chronology/Chronology6.html"><H2><FONT color="red">Chronology of the 20th Century: </FONT><FONT color="green">1875 - 1960</FONT></H2></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://web.archive.org/web/19960101000000-20071105182656/http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Chronology/Chronology6.html"><div align="center"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/blog_cache/web.archive.org/img/C7237892-D256-4EB1-A4C9-3A1C38C4091D" alt="" /></div></blockquote></div><div style="margin: 0px 6px 6px 4px;"><table style="font-size: 11px;border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;">&nbsp;</td><td align="right" style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;width:107px" width="107"><a href="http://clipmarks.com/share/1B00B090-2608-4330-BCC3-539D68AA08F9/blog/" title="blog or email this clip"><img src="http://content7.clipmarks.com/images/c2b-foot.png" border="0" alt="blog it" width="107" height="17" style="border-width:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;" /></a></td></tr></table></div></div>